Trajectory
Age-grade distortion (how students progress through grades) · 2024 INEP census
Age-grade distortion (TDI) by stage
Percentage of students who are 2 or more years older than the expected grade for their age — a key indicator of how often students repeat or fall behind. Lower is better. National averages: ~10% (anos iniciais), ~22% (anos finais), ~25% (ensino médio).
3.2%
Anos iniciais (1º-5º)
Very low
Very low
7.8%
Anos finais (6º-9º)
Low
Low
4.6%
Ensino fundamental
Very low
Very low
—
Ensino médio
TDI per grade — Ensino fundamental
Distortion typically grows from one grade to the next as students who repeat accumulate. A steep upward slope signals students struggling to progress.
1.4%
1º
4.7%
2º
3.4%
3º
2.4%
4º
3.8%
5º
4.2%
6º
12.0%
7º
—
8º
—
9º
Teachers with higher-education degree (DSU)
% of teaching staff with a college degree (curso superior) per stage of education. Higher is better. Brazilian law (LDB) requires teachers in anos finais and ensino médio to hold a degree.
91.3%
Anos iniciais (1-5)
88.9%
Anos finais (6-9)