Trajectory
Age-grade distortion (how students progress through grades) · 2024 INEP census
Age-grade distortion (TDI) by stage
Percentage of students who are 2 or more years older than the expected grade for their age — a key indicator of how often students repeat or fall behind. Lower is better. National averages: ~10% (anos iniciais), ~22% (anos finais), ~25% (ensino médio).
6.4%
Anos iniciais (1º-5º)
Low
Low
2.4%
Anos finais (6º-9º)
Very low
Very low
5.0%
Ensino fundamental
Very low
Very low
—
Ensino médio
TDI per grade — Ensino fundamental
Distortion typically grows from one grade to the next as students who repeat accumulate. A steep upward slope signals students struggling to progress.
0.0%
1º
4.2%
2º
7.4%
3º
8.8%
4º
13.6%
5º
2.3%
6º
0.0%
7º
5.3%
8º
3.8%
9º
Teachers with higher-education degree (DSU)
% of teaching staff with a college degree (curso superior) per stage of education. Higher is better. Brazilian law (LDB) requires teachers in anos finais and ensino médio to hold a degree.
100.0%
Educação infantil
80.0%
Anos iniciais (1-5)
87.5%
Anos finais (6-9)